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Please Explain the functionality of Trace route and why only 30 hops are allowed while using trace route command in Cisco Routers.?

Explain the basic functionality of Trace route command and how it is used and do include various terminology used in traceroute like TTL, packet size, number, time to live exceeded, port unreachable etc. Thanks in advance.

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Traceroute is a utility that records the route through the internet between source computer and a specified destination computer,it calculates tand displays the amount of tume each hop took and it is showing the max_ttl value of one hop and 30 is the default value thats why it is showing 30,in some where as i google it i found it that we can increase it but i did not found the method